Chapter Chapter 1: Intro: The Scientific Study of Life
Pre-Lab
1 .
What is the correct order for the hierarchy of biological organization? (1.1)
[
Hint
]
atom, molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem
atom, molecule, cell, tissue, organelle, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem
atom, molecule, organelle, tissue, cell, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem
atom, molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, ecosystem, community, population
atom, molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, ecosystem, community
2 .
Which of these is an example of a population? (1.1)
[
Hint
]
liver
all of the grasses on a prairie
a desert
all of the red oak trees in a forest
water
3 .
Which of the following statements is true about chemical nutrients in an ecosystem? (1.2)
[
Hint
]
They flow through the system, losing some nutrients in the process.
They cycle within the ecosystem and are constantly reused.
They can be converted into energy.
They depend on sunlight as their source.
They cannot be obtained from decomposition.
4 .
Which domain includes multicellular photosynthetic organisms? (1.5)
[
Hint
]
Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya
Fungi
Protista
5 .
A property of life known as energy utilization refers to the fact that living things _____. (1.5)
[
Hint
]
can maintain constant internal conditions
extract and store energy and materials from the environment
can sense stimuli from the environment
display heredity based on nucleic acids
can reproduce
6 .
Natural selection does NOT depend on _____. (1.6)
[
Hint
]
heritable variations
adaptation to the environment
reproductive success of the adapted organisms
random mating
any of the above
7 .
What is the difference between inductive and deductive reasoning? (1.7)
[
Hint
]
Inductions are testable; deductions are not testable.
Inductive reasoning is used to develop testable hypotheses; deductive reasoning is used to derive general principles.
"Human cells are similar to dog cells" is a statement that is derived from inductive reasoning. "All cells are fundamentally similar" is a statement derived from deductive reasoning.
Inductive reasoning flows from the specific to the general; deductive reasoning flows from the general to the specific.
Inductive reasoning, as a component of discovery science, is used to study the supernatural; deductive reasoning, as a component of hypothesis-driven science, is used to study the natural.
8 .
Scientists discard a model when _____. (1.8)
[
Hint
]
new experimental results are obtained that cannot be explained by the old model
the old model has been in place a long time
the individuals who first developed the old model have died
no experiments related to the model have been done recently
all of the above
9 .
To be of value to science, hypotheses must be _____. (1.8)
[
Hint
]
established facts
testable
proven correct
popular
reproducible
10 .
Which is NOT part of the process of science? (1.8)
[
Hint
]
observations and experiments
organizing observations
a hypothesis
proving the hypothesis to be true
using deductive reasoning to test a hypothesis
