Chapter Chapter 6: How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy
 
Pre-Lab
 

1 .       _____ is used and _____ is produced as a waste in the overall process of cellular respiration. (6.1) [Hint]

 Carbon dioxide ... water
 Oxygen ... glucose
 Water ... ATP
 Glucose ... carbon dioxide
 ATP ... oxygen
2 .       The main function of cellular respiration is _____. (6.3) [Hint]

 breaking down toxic molecules
 making ATP to power cell activities
 making food
 producing cell structures from chemical building blocks
 breaking down ATP, so that ADP and P can be reused
3 .       Which of the following describes glycolysis? (6.7) [Hint]

 It begins the oxidation of glucose.
 It produces a small amount of ATP.
 It generates NADH.
 It splits glucose to form two molecules of pyruvate.
 All of the above.
4 .       The net gain of ATP for each glucose molecule that enters glycolysis, in the absence of oxygen, is approximately _____. (6.7) [Hint]

 38 ATP
 4 ATP
 2 ATP
 none, because all the electrons are in NADH
 none, because all the electrons are associated with lactate
5 .       A glucose molecule is completely broken down in glycolysis and the Citric Acid Cycle, but these two processes yield only a few ATPs. Where is the rest of the energy that the cell obtains from the glucose molecule? (6.9) [Hint]

 in FAD and NAD+
 in the oxygen used in the electron transport chain
 lost as heat
 in NADH and FADH2
 in the carbon dioxide molecules released by the processes
6 .       In redox reactions, electrons need to be shuttled from one molecule to another. Which of the following statements is true? (6.10) [Hint]

 Electrons are added to NAD+, which then carries the electrons to another electron acceptor.
 ATP synthase removes hydrogen.
 The loss of electrons is called reduction.
 NADH is suited to pick up electrons.
 FADH2 is always oxidized first.
7 .       In eukaryotes, the electron transport chain is a series of electron carrier molecules embedded in which organelle? (6.10) [Hint]

 the smooth endoplasmic reticulum
 the rough endoplasmic reticulum
 the plasma membrane
 the mitochondria
 the Golgi apparatus
8 .       The synthesis of ATP by chemiosmosis _____. (6.10) [Hint]

 is endergonic and is coupled to exergonic electron transport
 is exergonic and is coupled to endergonic electron transport
 is due to electrons shuttled down the electron transport chain to the final electron acceptor, which is NAD+
 is due to a series of reactions in the cytoplasmic matrix of the mitochondria
 produces less ATP than the Citric Acid Cycle and glycolysis combined
9 .       The electrons stripped from glucose in cellular respiration end up in _____. (6.10) [Hint]

 ATP
 heat
 glucose
 chlorophyll
 water
10 .       What is the name of the process in which pyruvate is converted to lactate? (6.13) [Hint]

 chemiosmotic theory
 fermentation
 glycolysis
 Citric Acid Cycle
 none of the above